Casting



Casting involves pouring molten metal into a mold cavity that has been shaped according to the desired part or component. The casting process includes:

1

Pattern Making

  • Create a pattern or model of the desired part, usually made of wood, plastic, or metal, which forms the mold cavity.
2

Mold Preparation

  • Construct a mold by packing sand, clay, or other refractory materials around the pattern to create a negative impression (mold cavity).
3

Melting and Pouring

  • Heat metal (e.g., iron, steel, aluminum) in a furnace until it becomes molten, then pour it into the prepared mold cavity.
3

Solidification

  • Allow the molten metal to cool and solidify inside the mold, taking the shape of the cavity and forming the desired part..
3

Mold Removal and Finishing:

  • Break or remove the mold to retrieve the solidified metal casting, which may require trimming, grinding, or machining to achieve final dimensions and surface finish.
3

Finishing

  • Apply surface treatments such as painting, powder coating, or galvanizing to enhance appearance and protect against corrosion..

Fabrication



Fabrication involves the construction of metal structures by cutting, bending, welding, and assembling raw materials such as sheet metal and structural steel. It typically involves the following steps:

1

Design and Planning

  • Engineers or designers create detailed drawings or CAD models specifying dimensions, materials, and assembly instructions.
2

Material Selection

  • Choose appropriate materials based on strength, durability, and intended use (e.g., steel, aluminum, stainless steel).
3

Cutting

  • Use tools like shears, lasers, or plasma cutters to cut metal sheets or sections to required sizes and shapes.
3

Forming and Bending

  • Join components together using welding techniques (e.g., arc welding, MIG/TIG welding) or fasteners (bolts, rivets) to create the final structure.
3

Welding and Assembly

  • Smart Buildings: Integrated lighting systems in commercial buildings for energy management, occupant comfort, and space utilization optimization.
3

Finishing

  • Apply surface treatments such as painting, powder coating, or galvanizing to enhance appearance and protect against corrosion..